Issues That Lead to the Recession Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Issues That Lead to the Recession - Term Paper ExampleWhat are the flush investments in a recess and the revised policies and procedures put into operation by the government to combat recess. Thirdly, this cover lead discuss the impact of the recession and the lessons learnt from it. Definition of Recession The NBER does not define a recession in terms of two consecutive quarters of decline in real GDP. Rather, a recession is a square decline in scotch activity spread across the economy, lasting much than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales.(Business.) A significant decline in activity across the economy, lasting longer than a few months. It is visible in industrial production, employment, real income and wholesale-retail trade. ... With the steep rise in the unemployment levels, the government is obliged to extend unemployment benefits to a wider part of the society. Higher borrowing leads to higher taxes and additional interest payments in the future. As shares turn unattractive, the prices begin to dip. trim overcome profitability and lower dividends create a depressive mood for the investors and they look out for alternative sources of investment. The impress in share prices continues in anticipation of recessionary trends prolonging. But this is only the initial phase. When recession is at its hardest phase, the developments waste a strange turn. In anticipation of economic recovery, share prices begin to recover, as the prudent investor calculates that it is the accessible time to invest from the point of view of long term gains. Falling prices of shares may be repayable to various other factors as well, not alone recession. The normal reaction to recession is that it should result in a lower inflation rate. The highlight of recession is it reduces demand and wage inflation. The issue to be examined is what economic factors impact the recession hard. The curr ent recession is due to rise in oil prices. The expert survey about this inflation is, it is bound to reduce demand, will result in price wars, as the firms will make all-out efforts to retain consumers. The scenario of falling investments takes volatile shape and hampers economic growth. The vicious circle begins. The lag in the growth rate, with the economy expanding with a slower pace, may result in substantial fall in investment. Fall in employment opportunities is the most feared factor during recession. The demand for labor takes a down turn. Not all sectors are impacted hard in equal measure

Final Questions 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

utmost Questions 3 - Essay ExampleFor instance, some people believe Thomas Jefferson was right. Indeed, commonsense dictates that the dead should non dictate how the living should be governed. The experiences that influenced the Framers of the Constitution in writing the document may have a different interpretation with the passage of time. thereof it bows to commonsense and reason that each generation should draft their avouch constitution on how they should be governed. Rewriting the constitution for each generation asserts the freedom upon which the American state is founded. A rigid constitution thrown by the Fathers on the children, rob the later of their freedom. Furthermore, events throughout American history show that the constitution needs to be rewritten for each generation. For instance, in times of severe sparingal hardship, the presidential form of democracy as presented in the U.S. Constitution could be an expensive institution to maintain. Thus there is need for an alternative cheap form of democracy that will guarantee same freedom. This calls for revising the constitution. On the other hand, some group of persons believed James Madison was right. Rewriting the constitution for every generation could be an expensive endeavor both in terms of time and resources. Indeed, given that the political, social and economic status quo may not change every generation, it will be a waste of resources and time.

SLP - 1 Routine and Goodwill Emails Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SLP - 1 Routine and Goodwill Emails - Essay ExampleIt will allow the divers(prenominal) campus departments to understand their responsibility as well as cut back on costs immensely. Employees would mystify to empty their own throw out baskets unlike what used to happen in the past. The recycling efforts shall pave the instruction for the overall development of the departments at the campus, and reduce the budget constraints which be being faced at the present. besides this shall help the employees to do a bit of exercise which is always a intimately pervert for their wellness and well-being.We call up that this step will help reduce the departmental custodial costs and go a long way in helping the employees deal with the recycling efforts. This will be a good step that shall save the campus a considerable amount of money as well as help the environment with efficient modes of recycling on a regular basis.The campus is delighted to announce that yet again its priorities are set on bringing new and novel methods to save on costs that are incurred every year. We pick out thought of a unique way to settle the costs that have been acclivity for a considerable time period now.Since we have always valued the services, we do not believe in cutting them down at any cost. However, the 25 percent budget reduction is a figure that we meet this year and in order to sustain such a pressing concern, we have decided to go ahead with our recycling efforts which will not only save time exactly also money. Now the employees would be asked to empty their trash baskets themselves by taking a walk to the trash bins. It will not only refresh the employees since there will be exercise for them but would also contribute to the environment in one or the other way.We are confident that this small step in building confidence within the employees even further. We have always valued your work and olfactory perception forward to positive contributions on your part in the future as well.Both the emails are educate and go ahead with the

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 67

Art - Essay ExampleThe point of belief of the visual art argument is to bring out the symmetrical structural balance as per the equilibrise colors purposed for painting. Therefore, this abstract composition piece is meant to bring out aesthetic balance of constitution as per the colors that have been rehearsed through visual composition.Sensational effect is a cistron to the aspect of the artistic abstract composition. This is due to the notion that, the colors and inceptions used bring out a sensational feel of any space that is a factor of the environment. My visual argument is based on the colors that have been used, the lines and patterns used for bringing out the balance as perceived of nature. This is based on the colors that have been used by the artist for this abstract piece. I used pattern, line, recurring patterns and proximity as my compositional interpretation of the abstract due to the emphasis that they bring out on aesthetics appeal. The most persuasive eleme nts include balance brought in symmetrical from. This has been enhanced by the balance of use of colors. The balance brings out the feel of nature whereby, everything is aligned and proportional thus enhancing nature. The composition incorporated the use of line and color to form a pattern. The changes that be evident through the composition of abstract are that, the colors have been manipulated to suit aesthetic appeal.The compositional choices are mainly based on color, line and form. This is because of the pattern that has been brought out through the line and colors used. Persuasive elements used include proximity in terms of softness of the painting and organizational structure. I believe that the pattern that has emerged gives the abstract painting a different view of aesthetics and appeal in nature most individuals perception is that, nature should ceaselessly have specific colors

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

affable Media - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, companies atomic number 18 able to create pages in these social networking sites, where customers are able to access information, which is significant for mediating marketing. on that pointfore, social media harnesses and promotes effective communication among customers and the company offering various products.There some of the negative influences of social media to the company, whereby it can make information that the company does not want to shoot customers to be viral (Associated press, 2012). Therefore, the company can suffer from negative publicity due to negative reviews from a single customer. For example, a customer may be impatient about delivery of certain foods or services that they have ordered online, and they may lead to making negative reviews about the company. In fact, this would result to negative publicity, which makes potential customers lose confidence on the company, however, this problem can be resolved by e nsuring that content posted on the company account has been regulated, whereby only the reviews that has been approved can be displayed in order to avoid ruining the companys

Marketing Strrategy of Tourism Destination Coursework

Marketing Strrategy of Tourism Destination - Coursework ExampleThe research is therefore subjective to interpretation, as it does not seek to explain how more money was (or will be) used, but the manner in which funds, policy, and sagacious merchandise plans are being utilised by capital of Red China to get up economic wealth. The research advent is descriptive and based on the idea of a rational planning paradigm. It asks what Beijings foregoing planning policies were, how these save changed, and what the future implications are. The research study utilises several schools of thought regarding marketing dodge to form the final coating that Beijings marketing dodge has responded effectively to several marketing ideals. The results are the potency of an environmentally conscious marketing plan has strong potential towards a global initiative of Beijing as a new city with the foundation of historical regional culture. The final recommendation is for Beijing to examine their p ost- Olympic vision maintain eubstance in the application of resources look for innovative ways to exceed the Olympic expectations.In 2001, after much debate and deliberation, the Beijing bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved. ... The research study utilises several schools of thought regarding marketing strategy to form the final conclusion that Beijings marketing strategy has responded effectively to several marketing ideals. The results are the assurance of an environmentally conscious marketing plan has strong potential towards a global initiative of Beijing as a new city with the foundation of historical regional culture. The final recommendation is for Beijing to establish their post-Olympic vision maintain consistence in the application of resources look for innovative ways to exceed the Olympic expectations.Chapter 1 Introduction In 2001, after much debate and deliberation, the Beijing bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved. sequence this sparked some controversy a mongst several nations (United States and Taiwan) and human rights activists, the emergent marketing strategy Beijing utilized to promote its place as a world-leading, global technology, and environmentally sound nation has been nearly unparalleled by any other tourism marketing initiative. The municipal city government has allocated billions of funds, derived from public, corporate and private resources, to buzz off and implement an international marketing strategy. This strategy includes several dimensions that will likely have a eternal impact on the economic and political stages for Beijing. The following research paper explores these economic and political histories, resources, and strategies that existed prior to, and because of, the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The research first explores the background and history of Beijing, followed by an analysis of the current marketing strategy components. This is followed by a review of the

Gender Studies about the family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gender Studies about the family - Essay Exampletion, on the other hand, depends on the ability of the other toacquirethe mostexcellentspeciesor the higher sum of cope withs basing on the degree ofdifferencein reproduction (Marlene 8).Birds with longer tailsillustrate informalselectionas they attract more females contrast to the ones with shorter tails despite their risk as an roaringtargetpreyandhardshipin flying.Females tend to diverseiatethelittledifferences amongst the mates and they prefer to mate with individuals who posses exaggerated behavior. These characters tooaidin their survival (Marlene 9).Biologically, people mightdenythe differences of structure constitution and hormones among men and women they differ on the significance for gender values and qualities regarding the differences. Organization in the brain has also been used to determine the sex difference as in the case where females are more tops(predicate)intheir verbal skills than men, because wo while aredomin antin the left-brain while men are emend in theimageand spatial skills because of their rightbraindominance.The physical differences between males and femalesbringabout the naval divisionwhereby men are more aggressive than women and have stronger muscles while females havea better commensurate pelvisfor childbearing.Mens aggressiveness helps them in their social life because it acts as a vindicatory mechanism.Parentingis profoundly basedon gender. This is because being a father, or a mother means different things to the parents. In the act of preference, genderis illustratedby the issue of how men treat their sons and daughters with difference. The importance of a man relating to a woman isessentialbecause it helps both partiesevaluatewhether they are a family man or awife. In parenting, labordivisionisdominantbecause men engage in publiccategoryof works hard tosupportthe family while women, on the other hand, fall in the category of child

The Authority of the Secretary-General to Prosecute Peacekeepers Essay - 1

The Authority of the Secretary-General to Prosecute Peacekeepers - Essay ExampleAdditionally, the literature will discuss briefly how peacekeepers whitethorn be prosecuted before the ICC. The process of waiving-off of peacekeepers immunity by the Secretary-General to promote their prosecution will also be analysed.Olivera Simic in 2009,1 in the journal article Rethinking sexual exploitation in UN peacekeeping operations explains the end point sexual exploitation and how it is confusing to researchers. The article also takes into consideration various sexual exploitation cases colligate to several peacekeeping missions. She argued that the term sexual exploitation might cover activity that is not needfully sexually exploitative. However, she mainly focuses on the type of crimes and also mentions the zero tolerance policy all in all omitting the notion of prosecution and punishment of the criminals.Gabrielle Simm in 2011,2 in his article International law as a regulatory framework fo r sexual crimes committed by peacekeepers discussed the jurisdiction over peacekeepers and the responsibility of states and international organizations in relation to crimes of peacekeepers, and how their possess immunity that prevents judicial action against them. Therefore, he argued that international laws expertness lies in standard setting, but some of its standards are problematic, and it is weak in both monitoring and enforcement mechanisms. He also pointed out that immunity can be waived-off by the Secretary-General. However, there are no picky criteria to waive the immunity of peacekeepers or to prosecute them. Although Nigel D. White and Sorcha MacLeod 3 stated that immunity should be waived when crimes matter from non-official tasks this is considered against Section 20 of the 1946 Convention that grants the Secretary-General the right to waive a peacekeepers immunity when he feel it is necessary.In 2012, Melanie OBrien4

Nuclear weapons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nuclear weapons - Essay employmentThis is addition to looking at the consequences of having such weapons on the world in terms of economic and companionable implications. Morality, Prudence, and Nuclear Weapons advances clearly that thermo atomic weapons argon used for their traditional role in the pursuit of content security, where even their deployment is for the same purpose (Lee 1996, p.2). This brings out the question of moral authority over why they witness them, as without these weapons there can still be peace and security in whatever tending(p) terra firma including those that possess these weapons. As such, the acknowledgment for the self-possession of the weapons does not lie with the efficiency of military personnel or even national security, in which case the implications are that provided those in military leadership ferret out the possession and use acceptable, then they should be kept. It is as a result of this that countries own these weapons of mass ex piry to achieve their own ends, and these ends are not necessarily the ends of every citizen whom they lead because the weapons are the disposal of the military, at the command of the president and even military leaders (Paret 1986, p.762). In addition to this, there is the potential that these weapons are owned by some nations for the sole purpose of intimidation so as to protect afield interests and assists as said by Caldicott (2004, p.73). In this case, he argues that there is no way that any country or military power would use thermonuclear weapons against its own citizens, and then he goes on to state that some countries have enormous oversees interests. As a result, the legitimacy for having these nuclear weapons is to protect the country from any external acts of aggression by other nations, just as the tradition of war goes. Besides this, the list of having a peaceful world that is free of threats to national insecurity is a new justification to the possession of nuclear weapons owing to the presentation of new information in makers of new strategy. In this case, it is said that completely wars since the inception of the nuclear weapons have been irrational and impossible due to the possibility of destroying the enemy fin each(prenominal)y (Lee 1996, p.12). From this perspective, justification is that nuclear weapons make the world a safe place by use of the theory of nuclear deterrence, where no nation dares wage war due to the possibility of obviation in the event of nuclear state of war. Therefore, war becomes outdated considering the nuclear arsenal available to the world in modern times and the countries that ready this arsenal are the ones that control the eventuality of war and ensure that the world is protected from itself and international feuds apparent to explode into full-blown wars. In addition, there is the question of power, which can be brought up in retort to why some nations own nuclear weapons, which can directly point towar ds abuse. With this, nuclear power amongst the countries in possession of these arms is indicative of how they keep the world in check concerning the improved tactics of war uttermoste across the world that are not restricted to guerrilla warfare, but go as far as air strikes with enhanced accuracy. This is especially so in modern times and based on recent events and history that goes as far back as the 1950s to show what possession of nuclear weapons has saved the world from destroying itself. Looking again at the abuse of power, the bleak war can be used to show the consequences of having nuclear arms, and this does not paint a good picture at all for the world as a whole. In spite of claiming that nuclear weapons ring stability to the world, they also heighten power on a few nations that then get into conflict as shown in the cold war of the 1980s. Consequently, the justification of nuclear wea

The Parameters and Results Displayed in Sysmex UF-100 Assignment

The Parameters and Results Displayed in Sysmex UF-100 - Assignment ExampleThe water conductivity is measured in Sysmex UF-100. The formed elements or cells are analyzed by electrical opposition for volume, by forwarding light scatter for size. To enhance the contrast fluorescent dyes like phenanthridine is used to destine DNA and carbocyanine is used to stain the cell membranes. The cells will naturally vary in their sizes, shapes, volumes, and staining characteristics. Depending on these criteria, the cells and formed elements will be categorized in multidimensional space.The results in Sysmex UF-100 are displayed in scattergrams on a screen and a printout of the results can be taken to be analyzed.It is a very genuine method of complete automated urinalysis. It can perform sensitive quantitative microscopic urinalysis in all automatically without the intervention of an operator or observeance of an analyst. Thus, this is capable of accurate and precise quantification of micr oscopic elements in water supply with no interaction. In studies, it has been proved that the results bear concordance with other studies, such as automated Dipstick reader.Conventional microscopic analysis cannot be substituted by Sysmex UF-100. Microscopic sediment analysis combined with UF-100 can reform the quality and productivity of urinalysis. Also, this can greatly reduce the physical body of specimens sent for microscopic examination of urine specimens.Combined analysis by a strip reader and automated counting can reduce the number of urine microscopic examinations, can reduce turn-around times, can reduce manual labor, thus can attend many patients who can be treated rapidly in case of an established UTI.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - Essay illustrationaddition, it encompasses federal, state and local governments with the office of organizing programs, initiatives, policies and day to day running of the agencies effectively for viability of the environment.Woodrow Wilson laid a truehearted foundation in the study of humankind presidential term by providing insight into the history, challenges and adoption of public administration. His fabled work in the field of public administration influenced and triggered other authors such as Frank Goodnow and Leonard colour to expand on his ideas. Together the three authors explicitly. The past and current trends show that public administration, politics, and law argon highly interlinked, and this can impact negatively or positively on the functions of public administration depending on the level of involvement. This is shown by the analysis of three authors works opinions on public administration, which brings out the interrelationship. This ess ay besides analyses the case study Hurricane Katrina A man made crisis? in relation to the authors opinions and effective execution of public administration policies.The term administration can be defined in a way that the administration is all rough managing the things and work in any office, business or in any company. accord to Woodrow Wilson, Administration is the study of the process of executing the public affairs. It means that how the government executes, operates and exercises its duties and tasks. Thus, administration plays an obvious role in the government (Wilson, 1887, p. 198). Thanks to Wilson, students of government found an avenue to the insight of public administration as one f the working parts of the government machine.In the early time, administration was not overmuch needed because at that time, the functions, the jobs, and the roles of the government were much simple. In other words, the situation was stable, and there was flexibility about the public finan ce and the government finance statistics. This implies that

Role of Persuasion in Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words - 1

Role of Persuasion in Advertising - stress ExampleAccording to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that it needs to be very targeted, precise and strong for them in order for them to take notice and understand that the particular brand connects with them in the best and easiest of manners possible and hence they should be the ones to buy it for themselves and for this reason satisfy their need or even divert themselves more than they had already expected. It is a sure tough job for the people who have to extract the completed message which needs to be sharpened again and again before it actually gets subjugate to the in force(p) kind of people who will make the actual purchase and therefore the product will be sold in the end. However, on the flip side of the coin, this requires selling the product or the brand in the mind of the consumer before he actually decides to go and buy the very same. This is referred as the pre-selling stage and publicise has got a lot to do with it. Psychologically speaking, consumers connect with what is there on the electronic and/or yarn-dye media for them in the form of a message that says a lot about their preferred brand and lists down the details as to how it could benefit the same person if he or she uses it. Advertising is the non-personal communication of data usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media. This is all the art of selling and it comes under the heading of marketing and for marketing to happen in the first place, advertising is of fundamental importance. Without advertising, marketers can only think of their product fictionalization on the retail outlets waiting for angels to come and satisfy themselves. People need to be told the plus points of their brands (by the company) so that they actually go out and make the eventual purchase which in all fairness, not an unproblematic job for the company, say that is producing a shoe polish which does not stick on to the shoes as much as do the other competitor shoe polishes already available in the market.

Ithacan University Management Research Proposal

Ithacan University Management - Research Proposal Examplethither are various(a) graduates degrees open at Ithacan including degree in health and business. Outside the lecture room, Ithacan University provides various opportunities for employees to assist the wider society. Hibidash is the universitys annual Humanity Habitat 5k race. Of huge significance is the university design that supp...orts malnourished children, and Friday Services is a program through which university staff can volunteer and support in the broader Ithacan region. Students and employees can also accede by joining many of the other students and staff organizations or by taking part in club sport or recreational activities of the institution. Ithacan University offers a high-rate education on a basis of first-name. With a close student faculty, ration of about 121 and emphasizes on active involvement and learning. Ithacan is the outmatch place to prepare for a long-term success. Ithacans Vibrant, residential university overlooks Fingers Lake and is home to over 9,000 undergraduates and more than 850 faculties. The estimated budget for the restructuring program is about 400 million dollars. The estimated amount of money will cater for the replacement of the items and facilities not automatically replaced during the last program, such as laptops docking stations, computer monitors, special keyboards, software not added to the primary net income bundle and RAM upgrades. The said amount will meet the employees salary increment and their surety needs. Even, though, there are different ways in which employees can be recognized and rewarded, as a HR director, I look to give monthly salary increments in realization and acknowledgment of person performance for employees whose performance will be consistently appealing, and who will demonstrate the job specific skills, behaviors and familiarity to meet overall expectations of the institution. Salary adjustments will be made at the start of e ach year as well as contingent on funds availability, (Baldwin 45). Also, all faculties to be offered appointment for the spare-time activity academic year will receive yearly evaluations for salary. Procedures and policies concerned with faculty evaluations will be available in the faculty Handbook. Compensation strategy

Computer forenscis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Computer forenscis - Article ExampleCustomization and optimization the beginning code can be modified therefore, the OS can be customized to suit the requirements of a limited lab. Support its Adhoc support is excellent mailing lists answer calls and provide assistance within minutes. It offers fast capital punishment of feature and patch requests.Disadvantages requires retraining, learning Linux takes time and effort, and the command line is not intuitive. Support Linux offers no nominal support organization. Support queries are direct to the community, and the answer quality varies considerably. Interoperating interoperating with proprietary technologies is difficult, implementation takes time and may even be incomplete. Volunteer nurture effort many projects are in perpetual development stage and may be edgy, poorly documented and abandoned (Wolfe).In a forensic lab setting, both Linux and Windows have advantages and disadvantages. They are different but employ similar tool s. The main difference is the snuggle taken in obtaining and interpreting the info. Rec overy of data is crucial in forensics, and this is where Linux has an upper hand over Windows. Data on Linux is held for months even on heavily used systems. Linux file system avoids file fragmentation, and data remain clustered together. Deleted files are, therefore, easily recoverable on Linux than on Windows. Also, everything in Linux is noted as a file, and this translates to any transaction occurring in Linux will leave traces

Analyze the Art Exhibit by Ken Ellis, Gathering Essay

Analyze the trick Exhibit by Ken Ellis, fabrication - Essay ExampleThis goes a long way to help them define themselves. humanities also add depth to peoples cultural backgrounds. This essay seeks to analyze Ken Ellis Gathering and some of his other dodge works as portrayed in the Chicago cultural center(a) disposition. The event is to take place at Chicago and this suggests that it would be a successful one. Chicago is the ternion largest city in the United States, with a population of virtually three million people. It is a cultural city as most cultural events take place and this is proven by the number of facilities that erect the cultural scheme. The facilities range from dozens of cultural institutions, historical sites, and museums, more than 200 theaters, and nearly 200 art galleries. There are also some few factors which suggest and prove as to the fact where nearly 40 million people visit Chicago annually. Some of these factors are Chicago being the prototypical a nd largest municipalities to require public art in various strategies and this led to passage of the Percentage-for-Arts Ordinance in 1978, and the Art Institute of Chicago which has one of the largest and most extensive collections of impressionist and post-impressionist paintings in the world. The building and street where the renderion is to be held is accessible and convenient. The Chicago cultural center, 78 E. Washington St. ... According to Galvin, the syllabus can be experimental, intellectual, or innovative. An analysis of the events programme reveals that it is intellectual in nature. The event is meant to be a talk intimately Ken Ellis exhibition of Gathering. Ideas are exchanged between different people as they try to justify their opinions on their understanding of the painting. This allows for most of the people to think extensively and base their berths rough the painting on a broader point of view. The content of the exhibition is shallow as it is based on the s ingle painting of Ken Ellis and this narrows down the self-colored event content-wise. Therefore, most of the people at the exhibit are narrowed to a particular content of the exhibition and this discourages them to think from a wider emplacement about the whole exhibition (Surin, 2009). Also the exhibition is held in the Chicago cultural center and thus the programme relates to the definition of the center as the Ken Ellis Gathering points out on a cultural perspective as lots of people are seen to have gathered either for a function that involves the whole society. This also proves that the exhibition is based on a simple platform as the title is instead simple, understandable and relevant to the artistic painting. This eliminates the seriousness except for the fact that most people might hap up with many questions regarding the painting as one has the freedom to think on a broader perspective about the painting. The exhibition also gives room for an international platform as the painting may be associated with most cultures all around the world since gatherings are the only ways to reach masses on any matters concerning the society

Native Son by Richard Wright Essay Example for Free

aborigine Son by Richard Wright EssayRichard Wright was determined to guard a profound nationment. In his novel, Native Son, he endeavors to present the horror of Negro life in the United States (Wright xxxiii). By addressing much(prenominal) a significant topic, he sought to write a book that no one would cry over that would be so hard and deep that they would study to face it without the consolation of tears (xxvii). Native Son is a commentary on the poverty and helplessness experienced by blacks in America, and it illustrates the detestable ways that blacks were treated, describes their awful sustainment conditions and calls attention to the half-hearted efforts offered by white inferrs. Told from the perspective of his character bigger Thomas, Wright crafts a story depicting the oppressive lives endured by Negroes and makes it so despicable that it grabs the attention of the reader and forces him to reevaluate the state of decree. There is much in this novel that wou ld cause a reader to cry, except, to Wrights point, the topic is so significant that it resonates more deeply and elicits a deeper response. larger Thomas is the protagonist of the novel, but, to Wright, large also exemplifies African Americans of the epoch. He is b atomic number 18ly educated, struggling to find meaningful work and living in an overcrowded slum with his family skillful like many others around him. big is frustrated with his place in life and finds it difficult to construe why the opportunities that are gettable to whites are not available to him. During an exchange with his friend Gus, larger exclaims, Goddammit, advert We live here and they live there. We black and they white. They got things and we aint. They do things and we cant. Its like living in jail (23). larger and Gus have no outlet to chatter their individuality or emotions. Their feelings towards whites are ingrained in them. Bigger states, Whites live right down here in my stomachEvery time I think of em, I feel emIts like fireThats when I feel like something awfuls spill to happen to meNaw it aint like something going to happen to me. ItsIts like I was going to do something I cant help (24). This statement summarizes how the everyday black man feels roughly his station in life and the opportunities available to him. Additionally, it foreshadows the heinous events that will unfold later in the novel.A turning point in Wrights story comes when Bigger is offered a speculate as a chauffeur for the Dalton family. Mr. Dalton is a white veritable estate mogul that prides himself for being a member of the NAACP. He employs young black men in an attempt to rehabilitate them. On the surface, this is an ideal opportunity for Bigger because it provides room and board and pays well adequacy to allow him to take care of his mother and siblings, but Wright is looking to emphasize how the trivial the actions taken by the white sympathizers do not actually address the challenges f aced by the African American population.Bigger is not overwhelmed by this opportunity or impressed that the last chauffeur had gone to night school. Moreover, this job ultimately places Bigger in a situation that he cannot control, and he accidentally smothers Daltons daughter, Mary. Bigger pick outs, Though he had killed by accident, not once did he feel the need to tell himself that it had been an accident. He was black and he had been alone in a room where a white girl had been killed thus he had killed her (101). This is the awful event that Bigger alluded to earlier in the story.Killing Mary elicits feelings in Bigger that he had never experienced before. Bigger acknowledges, He was more alive than he could ever intend having been his mind and attention were pointed, focused toward a intent (141). Bigger embraced these feelings and continued with a scheme to make everyone believe that Mary had been kidnapped. With the assistance of his girlfriend Bessie, he plans to escape with $10,000 in ransom money. Wright uses Biggers emotions and his heightened sense of awareness at this point in the novel to comment on society at the time. Wright is stating that the act of murder is one of the solo ways for young African American men to express themselves, to exert any independence and to get out from under the oppression of their daily life.When the authorities realize that Bigger is the killer he flees to avoid being captured, but he realizes that all his life he had been knowing that sooner or later something like this would come to him (207). Survival becomes paramount to Bigger, escaping the law is his only priority, and Bessie becomes a liability. While attempting to hide from the police, Bigger realizes that it will be easier to escape without traveling with Bessie. In a tense scene, Bigger first rapes Bessie, lets her fall to sleep and finally bludgeons her. His actions are methodical ashe lifted the brick again and again, until in falling it struck a s odden mass that gave softly but stoutly to each landing blow. Soon he seemed to be striking a wet drive of cotton, of some damp substance whose only life was the jarring of the bricks impact (222). Ultimately this secant murder is unnecessary, as Bigger is soon apprehended.Bigger is arrested and indicted for the murder of Mary Dalton, and the character that Wright chooses to defend him is a white, Jewish attorney, named Boris muck. In the novel, goo takes the time to talk to Bigger and understand the actions in his life that have influenced him. For the first time in his life, Bigger has someone interested in his thoughts and feelings, which result in Bigger beginning finding hope. Max does his best to motivate Bigger to fight to save his own life. Max pleads, Listen Bigger, youre facing a sea of hate now thats no diametrical than what youve faced all your life. And, because its that way, youve got to fight.If they can wipe you out, then they can wipe others out excessively (3 20). Throughout this section of the book Bigger undergoes a transformation. By explaining his actions and feelings to Max, he finally emerges from the shell he has created around himself. Max works hard to understand the issues in Biggers life that culminated in his actions and the violence he exerted against Mary and Bessie, and he uses this information to form his defense. Although the crimes that Bigger committed were horrific, the reader begins to sympathize with him as he describes more about himself and his feelings to Max as the story comes to a ending.Wrights goal with this novel was to evoke empathy for Bigger and to make a statement regarding the treatment of blacks at the time. Wright uses Maxs closing statement to the judge to summarize all of the points he wants the reader to contemplate. Max combines everything that he learns about Bigger and weaves it together with the plight of the blacks during the time and eloquently argues that Bigger should be sentenced to life in prison, rather than to execution. Max argues, This man is different, even though his crime differs from similar crimes only in degree. The complex forces of society have isolated here for us a symbol, a test symbol (354).Through Maxs monologue, the reader more clearly understands all of the factors thathave contributed to the creation of Bigger and others like him, and he pleads with the judge to understand that there are larger forces in play, other than the specific crime that Bigger committed. Unfortunately, despite Maxs valiant attempts, the sentence of the Court is that you, Bigger Thomas, shall die on or before midnight of Friday, March third, in a manner prescribed by the laws of this state (381). Initially, it would appear that with Biggers execution, Wright fails in his attempt to move people to reevaluate the racial injustice of the times, but the conclusion is actually Wrights acknowledgement that society was not quite ready to change.

Responsibilities of sports engineers Essay Example for Free

Responsibilities of sports engineers EssaySports is something that attracts every person in this world towards itself. Sports has become a very super C field that everybody has interested in. People be gaining more and more interest in disparate sports from totally over the world. And that is why sports engineering is gaining significance and recognition. It is a special field of engineering, which involves everything from the development to the test of the different sports equipment. The discipline includes numerous activities and everything related to sports and sports equipment. The sports engineers have several responsibilities that argon discussed here at length. The very root responsibility of a sports engineer is the designing of the sports equipment. With the development of different sports and an increase in their popularity, people are eager to make social function of the best of the sports equipment. And this is where the sports engineers can contribute by deve loping new equipment that would supporter the athletes perform better. Sports engineers are also responsible for carrying tabu a complete lab and experimental testing of the sports equipment, athletes and the interaction between them.This is one of the most important parts of the job of a sports engineer because it is not possible to make use of anything without testing the equipment and the nature of interactions the users would have with the equipment. The sports engineers not notwithstanding carry out laboratory testing but are also required to test the transaction of the athletes and different devices in the field, i. e. the environment of the sports. Field testing needs to be completely accurate so that there is no scope of mistakes and the athletes are prepared to use their equipment in the real conditions and situations.Computational modeling has been used only for scientific purposes till now. Computational modeling approach is usually employed in physics and different scientific applications, whether it is fluid dynamics or any other experiment. Sports engineers are also making use of this technique and approach for determining the forces acting upon the working of the equipment and for stimulating its working before actually developing them. Sports engineers also need to continuously work with the different government bodies and the authorities for making sure that the rules are adhered to and everything is carried out within the pre-defined guidelines.Sports engineers also have to work with the athletes to regularly keep a track and mend the performance of the different athletes in different fields. They need to find out new ways and measures for enhancing the performance of the sportsmen. Thus, we see that sports engineers are extremely important people and they need to carry out all of their responsibilities genuinely for the development of different sports and for the betterment of the athletes.Reference link http//classof1. com/homework-h elp/engineering-homework-help.

Eastman kodak Essay Example for Free

Eastman kodak EssayEvaluating the financial condition of Eastman Kodak can be troublesome. Per my evaluation of their quarterly declare which was found at http//www. kodak. com, some red flags incur appeared that the auditors should be aware of. These stand out and should ingest special focus on. This quarterly news report is based on the companies business activities as well as their subsidiary companies between the reporting periods of January 1, through December 31, 2011. It has been speculated that some of the previous reports have not been dealings on actual performance information basis (Avery, 2012). While many believe this to be undoable and untrue, however, in that location seems to be that there were no exceptions reported or noticed on prior reports. erstwhile again, while analyzing this report there seems to be correspondence in regards to data exclusion from the outsourced operations and data for leased facilities were indicated. The hard cash in flow anal ysis of Kodak has always been cause for concern. The Kodak companies the past several years have had many issues as seem by the financial contestations.The internal cash flows are negative indicating that this attach to has a financial problem (Arnold, 2012). Items such as the operating costs, investing, and the use of the cash and its outflow when it has cash are what we consider internal cash flows. Kodak company is aimed its focus on accompaniment numerous functions and operations. This funding was to make sure that the IP licensing strategy would a hit. For this to be applicable, the company would have to sell its assets. hence in order to be successful inthe IP portfolio strategy EASTKOD 3 Eastman Kodak set there sites aimed at getting funds of over $200 million and then to have licensing transactions to devolve between 250 and $350 million dollars (Anderson, 2012). Some of the red flags that they should be aware of can be economic factors, earning problems, luxuriant deb t. With these factors in mind it is clearly visible that Kodak focused on clearing their work on the creative thinker of sustainability that they had place in process within the 2011 fiscal year.For Kodak to stay competitive they had to initiate new programs to give in business in the areas in which they operate. These programs would boost business. After the 2011 quarterly report, Kodak was more sustainable and looked to prosper and eat advantage of their customers economic, environmental, and social performance in order to maintain and attain a profitable , sustainable, and digital company (Anderson, 2011). With these red flags mentioned, Kodak and its position economically, either would quarter or not attract investors.This is callable to the fact that the economic factors such as the earnings of an organization give an idea of what its profits, and the shareholders treasure to be. The public willingness to invest and to get companies to fall in line with them, Eastman Koda k is not an attractive company. This is true due to its low profits the company makes based on its last quarterly report. Kodaks last quarterly report and its last 3 previous years indicate that the company if financially falling.During the audit procedure they should be alerted that Eastman Kodak has adjusted its financial statements making its return on capital and its economic stability unreliable. Eastman Kodaks free cash flow is well below par. Their strategy has failed, and this will not attract new investors. The financial statement show that the cash flow has reduced and this is partly contributed to the board and the lack there of on their fiducial duties.

Gender differences in the effects of divorce Essay Example for Free

Gender discrepancys in the effectuate of divorce EssayBesides behaviour differences among pip-squeakren of divorced and intact families, there atomic number 18 a equal grammatical gender differences to consider. Hyatt suggests that boys and girls react differently to maternal(p) divorce. Boys tend to create to a greater extent behavioural problems in discipline than girls do. Boys conceit tends to decline as a result of divorce and they seek constant oversight from the teacher and tinct class with irrelevant talks. Their effort in condition work also decline. Hyatt mentions that boys are more disposed to difficulty of losing contact to their begin hence regular communication with the father can help these adaptation problems. Girls behaviour in civilise after parental divorce is not as noticeable as boys because they do not manifest their difficulties by acting out in class. Rather, they tend to become more anxious or unhappy or aiming over controlled good behavi our. Another findings concerning gender difference in the effects of divorce is that girls do accept help from their teachers unlike boys. This is because girls see their school as a topographic point where they can be supported during divorce while boys conduct kindlyly impossible behaviour.School Behaviour of Children of Divorced Families Human beings grow by constantly adapting to new environment accordingly adapting to an environment is part of life cycle. Childrens educational place can be divided into home, school and the society. The tiddler and environment continuously interact and the school takes over magnanimous part of a childs life. Therefore as well as having a settled family life, school period is also important in determining how children might turn out in the future.School is a place where children enjoy, and gain sense of satisfaction by experiencing various activities and maintain harmonized births with the teachers and other students. Similarly, school ap pointment is defines as taking interest in school environment and feel comfortable being in school with other children. This valuation reserve reflects on their school achievement and development. For instance, children who enjoy being in school and participate in school activities are likely to gain more educational experiences than those who substantiate readjustment disorder.Liebman defines school adjustment disorder as excessive reaction where individuals are unable to harmonize with the school environment and other students which will prohibit individual development. Children of divorced families are likely to have more difficulties in school adjustment than those of children from intact families. Berbe suggests that children with adjustment disorder tend to attract teachers attention by inappropriate questions in class, distract other children and find it hard to pay attention in class.They also refuse teachers request and are often disobedient. And if they continue to vis ual aspect irresponsible academic behaviour, it leads to serious adjustment disorder. Hecks idea is also similar to Berbes lead that children with adjustment disorder problems are frequently absent and tend to be oppositional in class. However, it is difficult to taste the cause of maladjustment solely on divorce. How children respond to above stress can vary from a child to child.It can differ according to their age, gender or disposition and the environment includes economic stature of parents, social approval rating of parents and family conflict. Variables are categorized as they may affect childrens school adjustment into demographic differences and family variables. Demographic differences include race, gender, and parental socioeconomic status and family variables include relationships, organisation, control, social support, mother rejection and father rejection. Behaviour of children of divorced in schoolAs mentioned earlier, children from divorced families appear to have difficulty in academic achievement and relationship with other children at school than children from intact families. The cause of this should not be looked at solely on the primary factor which is divorce. Secondary factors are to be considered as well, such as the change in socioeconomic structure and resources after divorce. For example, as mentioned earlier, economic loss, poor parental adjustment, lack of parental competence and parental loss can cause behavioural problems.As mentioned in the section of Comparison amid children of divorce and intact families, womens standard of living is reduced by 29 % after divorce and absence of father can have negative influence on children more on boys than girls. Regarding studies on childrens maladjustment behaviour, Liner categorizes disorder behaviour as ? action-out behaviour like hitting someone and being predatory ? withdrawing behaviour very quiet, sucking fingers, restricted behaviour ? en garde behaviour lying, ignoring ? dis organised behaviour escaping from realitySimilarly, Wickman describes behaviour of children with adjustment disorder as ? immoral, dishonest, in subway system to authority, stealer, cheater, disobedient, rude and rebellious ? often violates regulation of class, careless, loses interest in study, negligent and trustless ? exaggerated and offensive constitution ? unsociable, overly sensitive, and liar Based on experience, as a teacher of young children, those from divorced families have lower academic achievement, are socially isolated, overly sensitive, either humiliate themselves or boast and show negative behaviour in class.Specifically, their academic grade is poorer than it used to be and they do not assay to socialize with others in class. Further, they often seem absent-minded and tend to change their mood easily. If they are scolded for not doing their readiness or asked to answer something they do not know, they use violent language in response. They also fuck off from h eadache and easily get tired. This behaviour of children can also be explained by Rotters theory of locale of control.Locus of control refers to how individuals attribute the cause of their behaviour to internal or out-of-door forces. In applying to children of divorced families, children who have internal locus of control believe that if their parents are divorced, it is their fate. Therefore these children are able to handle any difficulties and feel less psychological distress. In contrast, children who have outside(a) locus of control believe that if they do not perform well in school, they tend to blame external factors such as parental divorce rather than blame themselves.Hence, these children are likely to suffer from blunt distress than those who have internal locus of control. When elementary school children experience parents divorce, they can become aggressive and develop sense fear and sorrow. Some children also imagine reunion of their parents. And they also explain that childrens school behaviour depend on how they are treated at home. As per experience, the relationship between protective parent and the child seem to have a large impact.Prior research says that the relationship between the behaviour of custodial parents and childrens school adjustment illustrate that the attitude of custodial parents has large influence on childrens school achievement. Mothers affection can influence enormously on create childrens social skills. From mother-child relationship, children learn responsibility, self-control and social skills, hence, hostile attitude towards children can act as hindrance in developing social skills. Therefore one can learn that the attitude of custodial parent becomes important factor which influence childrens school adjustment.

Arthur Millers play Essay Example for Free

Arthur Millers play EssayIn the book of record that Mr Parris lionises, I note that you atomic number 18 rarely in church on Sabbath day twenty-six times in seventeen month, sir. I must c each(prenominal) that rare this can cause people be rebellious and there is likewise the fact that not everyone feels the same way about religion and forcing people would cause resentment amongst the community it self, and that is exactly what we find happening. Lets take the Walcotts. They blamed Martha Corey of cosmos a banterch. This was due to the fact that she had change them a pig and it died.When they asked for their money back saying that she had given them a sick pig, she refused and utter Walcott, if you havent the wit to feed a pig properly, youll not live to own soldieryy After that, the Walcotts claimed that they couldnt keep a pig alive for more than four weeks and so accused her of being a jinx. The whole bewitchery business turned into something to settle old grudge s. We even find Ann Putnam accusing Rebecca Nurse, who as we know was a very religious and god fearing woman.She accuses her because of her jealousy of Rebecca having so many children and grandchildren and not one of them died. She accused Rebecca of murdering her babies with her powers as a witch. So we find that the community was very much involved in accusing and pickings advantage of these witch trials as a way of solving old grudges and to put it to use for their personalized vendettas. There was withal the slide of John Proctor. He should have gone to the court and told them at the branch what Abigail had told him, before the whole thing got so out of hand.The towns mumbling witchcraft. Oh, posh We were dancin in the woods finale night, and my uncle leaped in on us. She took a fright is all This shows that Abigail admits that there is no truth in the witchcraft rumour. By the time he went and told them, they had already thrown a lot of people in tuck away for witchcraft . For them to listen to Proctor would be admitting that they had made a mistake, and that in it self would mean that other problems would rebel for them. Proctors affair with Abigail had also somewhat caused these witch trials.Abigail, due to her infatuation with Proctor had gone to the woods where she drank a blood conquer to kill his wife and was discovered by Parris. That was the start of the rumours of witchcraft. There was also the mistake of Elizabeth Proctor. If she had not lied, the court would have been overthrown. Is your husband a lecher? No sir She spoke nothing of lechery, and this man has lied The lie caused the fact that Abigail had confessed to Proctor that she had been dancing and that there was no witchcraft done on them, to be dismissed as a lie told by Proctor.So once again the witch trials were back on. Rebecca Nurse seemed to be the only person who understood what was going on. I have seen them all through their silly season She knew that what Betty and Ru th were doing was however their childhood mischiefs. In fact Abigail, when talking to Proctor, had said She took fright, is all about Bettys condition. So we can see that not all of the community was bad. And of course we cannot lug the legal system the courts input into the trials, as they had held them.First of all the rule that if you confessed to witchcraft you would not be hanged nevertheless if you didnt then you will hang, is totally preposterous. This means that even if people were innocent, which we know they were, they would have to confess to save their lives. If people confess then it would be known that witchcraft is about in capital of Oregon and so there would be no talk of overthrowing the court. In fact even later on decision out that the accusations of witchcraft had been a hoax they were not ready to admit mistake and went on that and executed some more people.I cannot think they would run off except they fear to keep in Salem anymore. Mark it, sir, Abigail h ad close knowledge of this town. This shows that Abigail had been lying. So the question is how much was it Abigails fault that these witch trials took place. After gathering sufficient evidence from the play, one cannot be certain and say that Abigail was to blame in all because we know it is not entirely true. We know there were other factors and people who supported and played a big part in the trials.We also know that a lot of it was to settle old grudges and to get out with individuals personal vendettas. Still we cannot deny the fact that Abigail was the main reason for these witch trials. The drinking of the blood charm and dancing and heaven knows what else and then being discovered started the talk of witchcraft and after(prenominal) that, one after the other, the drastic events of the Salem witch trials unfolded. In my opinion I feel that Abigail was to blame somewhat although I would not blame her entirely.Living in a strict community and having seen terrible things h appen in front of her as a child could definitely not have helped her behaviour and mentality. I myself would also hold responsible the court and people like the Putnams and the Walcotts and also Parris, to some extent, for the trials. Not really for being a cause for starting them as such, although I do think they played some part, but mainly for contributing to them after they had started. As for Abigail, her behaviour cannot be excused, yet we can try and run across why she did what she did.We know that a lot of it had to do with her obsession with Proctor but if we were to look just beneath the surface we would find that, at least in my opinion, that Abigail was somewhat mentally psychotic in some ways and really needed a good and loving home to support her after the murder of her parents to have prevented her from her terrible deeds. By Kausar Hussain 10S Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text edition This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

The Process of Decision Making Essay Example for Free

The Process of Decision Making EssayMaking tough decisions is a transit that takes time and practice, knowing how to make effective decisions can make all the deviance when facing a tough choice. About a year ago I decided to go back to college and closing curtain my degree, and this is a choice I am very proud of. The steps to making decisions can be whatever the decision maker wants them to be, but there is a process to follow.The first thing I did was assessed the financial situation I am in and realized that it was never going to get any better if I did non do something about it, next I looked into disparate universitys and practiced colleges, as well as kept in mind the hours I would be available to go to campus and attend lecture classes, I and then realized that online campus was the best choice for me and my family I do not have to spend time away from them. That is when I made my choice to attend University of Phoenix, I then discussed my choice to my family to m ake sure I had their support and get any feedback. I then called the admissions discussion section and enrolled, I really have not evaluated the results since I know this is the right thing to do and I can see the results. I feel that my process was very similar to the book my only difference was that I did not develop alternative solutions since going back to school was the only solution, and I did not evaluate the decision.I really do not think that the outcome would be any different if I used the steps the way they are in the book (1) identify and diagnose the problem, (2) generate alternative solutions, (3) evaluate alternatives, (4) make the choice, (5) implement the decision, and (6) evaluate the decision (Bateman Snell, 2011, pg. 89. )

Corporate Ethics Failure †A Critical Analysis Essay Example for Free

Corporate ethical motive misfortune A Critical Analysis EssayArthur Andersen, in 1913 established a corporate entity that for decades provided a benchmark for visiting and consulting in the report industry. From the onset Mr. Andersen worked to build a foundation for his play along representative of the principles of excellence in the technical and ethical aspects of his new compevery. His ethical model focused on Utilitarianism, the greatest amount of dangerous for the greatest amount of people. In the late 1940s after the fo chthonic passed away, newly appointed CEO, superior Partner Leonard Spacek, further exhibited his leading and commitment to ethical practices by helping to establish the Accounting Principles Board, their prinmary responsibilities universe to set industry accounting and ethical standards. This is a direct reflection on the commitment Arthur Andersons decision maker staff place on the companys belief in performing their practice in an honest and trustworthy manner. Spacek was so revered that former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volker at one time refered to as Spaceks tenure as a time when Arther Andersen was the Gold Standard for the accounting industry. manipulate more how to write a critical analysis eruptlineThese standards built a reputation in the accounting community which led to tremendous success. Honesty and integrity were trademarks of the company that concentrated on quality, leadership and developing its personnel to be experts in every aspect of the accounting industry . As the line of credit began to grow, Arthur Andersen eventually became a leader in the financial industry, employing as much as 77,000 accounting professionals in 84 countries. A reflection on the many positive aspects of Arthur Andersen, its commitment to the many ethical principles it championed, two in its own corporate structure and that of the accounting community. In this writers opinion, with such metrics in place, it is abominabl e that such a large entity could implode and collapse. However, if one understands the importance of ethical behavior and the impact of helpless trust, the analysis is not difficult. The problems encountered at Arthur Anderson were the result of inappropriate ethical behavior which resulted from compromises of their own ethical standards.These began as small issues for various clients that over time grew creating a slippery slope from which Arthur Andersen could not recover. Corporate enterprises atomic number 18 funded by investors, stockholders and consumers. Likewise, their activities, both ingrained and external, also affect investor, stockholder, stakeholder and consumer. All depend on the financial health and viability of the company to support their individual interests. The responsibility of the SEC is to put forward financial wellbeing and provide a tool for which potential investors and stock buyers can fairly judge the risks involved as they decide which company thei r money should support.Auditors sh are the responsibility the provide analysis of the the financial mark age looking for errors in the bookkeeping/ accounting of the companys financial position. The auditors responsibility is to correct or balance any errors thus preventing a misleading interpret of the true financial strength of the company. If this view is compromised by providing or allowing false data to exist, the companys position is weakened, investors are led under false pretenses, placing their investments at risk. The SEC depends on a complete, thorough and truthful analysis from an auditor to verify the financial status providing security for those desiring to invest or provide financial support.Arthur Andersens problems began precisely as mentioned earlier, when executives began to Be harbour unethically in a manner against the principles on which the company was founded. It is important to note that while Arthur Anderson employed good business ethics, the company flo urished. As it began to compromise its integrity the long destination consequences eventually to appear. The Enron collapse represents just one of many cases where mistakes were make and hidden. For Arther Andersen, in business almost 90 years, the destruction of Enron documents to prevent the SEC from gaining access to incriminating evidence shows how corrupt the accounting firm had become. man millions of dollars in revenue for Arthur Andersen were at stake, the viability of the company depended on the reputation it garnered. The demise of the company resulted from the dishonest evasive action it employed to remain in power. As of June , 2002, the company had laid off 7,000 employees, and lost more that 650 of its 2,300 public audit clients with the layoff of thousands pending. The slippery slope to extinction had begun. http//money.cnn.com/2002/06/13/news/andersen_verdict/In the article 12 Ethical Principles for Business Executives by the Josephson Institute, published on Decem ber 17, 2010, stated that language establishing standards or rules describing the variety of behavior an ethical person should and should not engage in, are ethical principles. More specifically they are specified as Honesty, Integrity, Promise keeping and Trusworthiness, Loyalty, Fairness, Concern for Others, Law Abiding, Commitment to Others, Leadership, Reputation, Morale and Accountability.http//josephsoninstitute.org/business/ intercommunicate/2010/12/12-ethical-principles-for-business-executives/ The founder, Arthur Andersen, embodied these principles to the point that he personally reimbursed a client for an accounting mistake made under his watch. While a disclaimer on the part of Arthur Andersen guards against minor mistakes in the accounting audit/ review, it seems this created a gray area that was taken advantage of. Also, management should give way developed a zippo tolerance mechanism to maintain an ethical culture dedicated to preventing inappropriate behavior. Pol icy should absorb mandated on a regular basis documented training on business ethics, and the importance of its implementation as the auditing process ensued. Any issues should have been to the client with reconciliation mandantory prior to an Audit Opinion being submitted.The indictment of Arthur Andersen and subsequent trial provided certainty the Audit Opinion and review of Enrons balance sheet and financial statements were submitted with the intention to skew the true condition of the companys true fiscal condition, thus deceiving the shareholders, board of directors, potential investors and stakeholders. An overview of the measures in place to safety device against inappropriate accounting behavior provide an insite to the items that were violated during Enron and Arthur Andersens quest to bilk investors share holders of millions. These safety measures include Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (generally accepted accounting principles), Generally Accepted Auditing Sta ndards (GAAS), Statements on Auditing Standards (SAS), and all professional ethics. The use of GAAP by accountants is standard protocol. An accountant make outs these principles as a matter of daily routine. According to several accounting texts, GAAP is identified as a dynamic set of both broad and specific guidelines that companies should follow when measuring and reporting the information in their financial statements.http//faculty.mckendree.edu/scholars/2004/stinson.htmThe article 7 Principles of Admirable Business Ethics presents seven additional principles which complement ethical behavior. Those are Be trustful, keep and open mind, meet obligations, have clear documents, become community involved, maintain accounting control and be respectful. http//sbinformation.about.com/od/bestpractices/a/businessethics.htm In conclusion, legal analysts formulate the opinion that executives at Arthur Andersen and Enron did not set out to have a positive impact on the accounting industry o r any industry.They set out to make as much money for themselves as quickly as possible. They were willing to do any(prenominal) it took to make that money. These thoughtless acts and greed led both companies to an eventual downfall in bankruptcy. The subsequent pursuance of these firms has produced new controls which should serve to prevent this type of financial disaster. Most notably the Sarbanes-Oxley Act which includes requiring companies to reevaluate its internal audit procedures and makes sure the accounting practices either meet or exceed the expectations of the auditors. http//faculty.mckendree.edu/scholars/2004/stinson.htmStatement Regarding Professional handleThis assignment is my own work. Any assistance I received in its preparation is acknowledged within the assignment in accordance wth academic practice. If I used data, ideas, words, diagrams, pictures, or other information from any source, I have cited the source(s). I understand that copying text word for word f rom other sources without placing it in quotation marks is considered plagiarism and not acceptable even if I cite the source where the hooey was copied from. I certify that this assignment was prepared specifically for this class and has not been submitted in whole or in part, to any other class at Walsh or elseware.

Explain the impact of relevant legislations Essay Example for Free

explain the imp make of applicable legislations EssayIn this task I testament explain the impact of relevant legislations / regulations on two types of employment contract of the comp either New Forrest logistics as well as fail the impact of the legislation of the two contracts of the confederation. cast account 1The key contrasting differences between the two contracts in question is that contract 1 the patronage title is for a secretary. Its hours of work argon stated as 16 hours a week. Which means that it is part duration temporary employment? While a piece of time is on maternity leave. The employ leave alone be needed to be flexible with determine to the hours as he and she leave alone work in accordance to the employers occupys.The employee bequeath be paid on an hourly basis. Being a temporary position, no pension scheme testament be addressable to the employee. The employee will be demand to complete a monthly signed timesheet as a disposition of th e employees work schedule. No cave inments will be made for any unused pass. In case of brainsickness for more than 3 daylights, in order to be empower to statutory sick sacrifice, the employee will need to provide a sick note, further if the employee wishes to leave forward the end date he or she will need to provide a weeks notice.The employer two will provide the employee with one weeks notice of solution before the end date given in the contract, or else he has offered his/her basic salary in lieu of notice. However no notice will be provided to the employee in case of dismissal. With regard to disciplinal procedures, in case of serious problems, the employee will either be given verbal warning which will be recorded in his or her personal file (for a period of norm tot all toldyy 6 months) or a first written warning will be given which will alike be recorded in your personal file. This could then if need arose be existed by a final exam warning which would also be recorded in your personal file. centralise 2The key points in contract 2 which differ from contract 1 atomic number 18 the job title which is that of a personal assistant to the Managing directors. It in contrast to contract 1, it is fulltime appointment with the hours of work being 35 hours a week. The employee will be paid a salary which will be outcome to revision from time to time. This job title also includes a probationary period of 3 months from the start date. As regards time keeping, it differs in that there is no need to sign in and the employee is required to nurture a responsible post towards keeping time.In contract 2 unlike contract 1, the employee is entitled to full annual vacation entitlement of 28 days exclusive of bank holidays. With regard to sickness, in contract 2 the employee will be entitled to a contractual pay for the first 6 months of any period of sickness. However the employee will need to complete a self certification hammer if ill for 7 days or l ess. If sick or 8 days or more than a medical certificate necessitate to obtained from the doctor. The employee in contract 2 is entitled to maternity or paternity leave. The employee will also be entitled to participate in any pension scheme operated by the company.The retirement age is stated to be 65 years. With regard to confidential information the key difference is that employee is not authorised to attain any confidential information related to companies line of reasoning affairs irrespective whether he resigns or is dismissed. Regarding Notice, the employee is entitled to one weeks notice subsequently 4 week of employment. A copy of the companies grievance procedure is contained in the rung handbook and even the companies corrective and dismissal procedures atomic number 18 also contained within the cater handbook. The employee is required to take steps as are reasonably practicable to image the health and precaution of him/her and others change by his or her work. The employee also needs to have knowledge of fire regulations and necessary precautions. The organisation is an sufficient opportunity employer, thus no employee can be discriminated against on any grounds.Wage salary turn out 1 The wages for the Jobsite will be 9.50 an hour before national insurance contributions and tax deductions. make 2 the employees salary is 26,000 as stated in the appointment letter. This will be subject to revision from time to time. The employee will be paid monthly. According to law the important wage rate is 6.19. Therefore it is essential for new Forrest logistics to have knowledge and awareness of different pay rates and establish to them. Now I shall analyse the impact of the national minimum wages act 1998 on the 2 employment contracts of the company New Forrest logistics. This act is an important piece of legislation that the company is advised to follow very closely.This act sets the minimum wage levels an employee is entitled to per hour in ac cordance with the age stem the employee falls below. The current wage of those falling under the group of 21 and above is 6.08 and that falling under the group of 18 to 20 is equal 4.98. This legislation will obviously have an impact on both the contracts of employment drawn by New Forrest logistics as they will have to state in the contract what wages they will pay the concerned employees. Thus they will need to find out that they patronize by the act and pay the employees the correct wages in accordance with the age group. If they violate the legislation, they will be liable(p) legal action. Grievance procedureContract 1 The employee will be required to comply with the grievance procedures which will be detailed in the staff hand book. Contract 2 it is stated in the contract that the employees are expected to comply with the companies grievance procedures, a copy of which is contained the staff handbook. The law states that if the employee is not satisfied with the decision, he or she has a right of appeal. Thus NFL needs to be aware of this in case it runs into problems. More over it is also necessary that all employees are positive knowledge of the grievance procedure.The grievance procedure is another legislation that will impact both of these contracts. The main impact that it will have on the both the contracts is that by law the organisation will be bound to give a clear detailed grievance procedures to the employees through the staff handbook and staff intranet. Furthermore the employer will also need to be aware that if the employee is not satisfied with the decision he or she has the right to appeal and if correct remedial action is unruffled not taken, he or she can refer the case to an employment tribunal. This legislation ensures that all procedures including appeals against grievance decision or appeals against a disciplinary or dismissal decision are clearly detailed in the staff handbook. both the contacts back and comply with the legi slation. Holiday entitlementContract 1 it is clearly stated in the contract that the holiday year is from 1st January to 31 December. It is also stated that payments will not be made for any unused holiday. It is further stated that any holidays must be agreed with the employer at least quad weeks in advance and lastly should the employee exceed his or her holiday entitlement, it will be deducted from the final pay packet. Contract 2 also states that the holiday year runs from first January to 31 December. The employees full annual entitlement of 28 days exclusive of bank holidays is also clearly stated therein. It also states that all holidays must be in agreement with the company and lastly except in exceptional circumstances no more than two weeks holiday entitlement maybe taken at any one time. Health and safetyContract 1 there is no mention of health and safety in the contract. Contract 2 employees are reminded that they are responsible for observing and complying with all he alth and safety rules and to work at promoting health and safety at work not only for themselves but also for their fellow employees. NFL is duty bound to ensure that they comply with all health and safety rules within the workplace and to place total importance on the health and safety and the welfare of employees at work. NFL also needs to follow the health and safety act at work 1974. If NFL does not do so appropriately then they are able liable to criminal prosecution. Therefore NFL needs to put all procedures and policies in place in order to ensure that employees follow them carefully and remain safe. Maternity and paternityContract 1 There is no mention of Maternity or Paternity in this contract. Contract 2 this contract states that an employee who is meaning(a) has the right to the time off with pay. The right to Paternity is set out in the Paternity and Adoption Leave standard 2002. The right applies to those individuals who share a sufficiently close relationship to the c hild or its mother. The law states that if an employee is pregnant or adopting a child she could be entitled to 56 days leave and her partner could be entitled to 2 weeks paternity leave. NFL will need to comply with this legislation. The impact of this law will be that if a man /women take this leave, they are legally entitled to their previous job role upon their try failing which she or he can appeal against the unsportsmanlike dismissal in accordance with the unfair dismissal act. ConfidentialityContract 1 Information relating to the employer, the employers family and the employers domestic or personal circumstances is stringently confidential Contract 2 You must not disclose any confidential information relating to the business affairs of the company during your period of employment or even after you have either resigned or been dismissed. The Data Protection Act 1998 states and controls how you use the information of others with regard to businesses or the government. NFL t oo needs to abide by this act and to inform employees of their responsibilities in this regard. The impact of the law for this legislation for NFL is that they must ensure that all information is kept strictly confidential. Disciplinary ProcedureContract 1 Minor problems will be dealt with and resolved informally. In case of serious problems, first a verbal warning will be given and then it could be followed by a first written warning and if need still arose then a final warning could be issued after which further misconduct could lead to dismissal. Contract 2 disciplinary procedure can be found in the staff handbook, you do have the right to appeal against a disciplinary or dismissal decision, the procedure for which is detailed in the disciplinary and dismissal procedures. The impact of this legislation is that NFL needs to make sure in case of dismissal of an employee that all disciplinary and dismissal procedures have been duly observed and complied with. Termination of contract Contract 1 you will be provided with one weeks notice of termination before the end date given in this contract. You are required to give the employers one weeks notice should you wish to terminate your employment before the end date. Contract 2 the company will give a minimum of one day notice of termination for up to four weeks service. After 4 weeks employment you are entitled to catch one weeks notice increasing to two weeks after 2 years continuous service.There after you will be entitled to receive a further weeks notice for each additional years service up to a maximum of 12 weeks after the 12 or more years service. Should the employee leave, then he or she is required to give the company one months notice. The law states that termination rights are dependent on individual contracts. So NFL need to be aware of different offers stated in contracts. The impact of this is that NFL cannot dismiss an employee unfairly. Sick leaveContract 1 the employee will be required to inform the employer at the earliest of any sick leave. The employee will be entitled to statutory sick pay on production of an employees statement of sickness form for sick leave of more than 3 days. Contract 2 the employee is entitled to his or her contractual pay for the first 6 months of any period of sickness. The law states that you are entitled to sick pay depending on your contract of employment. This will vary from job to job. However any business cannot offer you less than you are entitled to through your statutory sick pay. NFL need to take into consideration the law on sick pay and keeping abide by it , keeping in mind the individual contracts.

Energy Drink and Red Bull Essay Example for Free

Energy Drink and cherry-red falsify EssayThis global profile focuses on the industry drives in soft drinks. ? All prys evince in this report ar retail/off-trade in US dollar toll using a fixed exchange rate (2012). ? 2012 figures are based on part-year estimates. ? All forecast information are expressed in constant terms inflationary effects are discounted. Conversely, all historical data are expressed in current terms inflationary effects are taken into account. flaccid DRINKS OFF-TRADE RTD VOLUME 534. 8 jillion litres Bottled Water 192 trillion litres Sports and Bottled and Energy Drinks Sports Energy Water 15 billion litres Drinks 205. 1 billion 16. 2 billion litres Concentrates litres 43 billion litres RTD Coffee 4. 5 billion litres disclaimer Much of the information in this briefing is of a statistical nature and, while every go ab come forth has been made to ensure accuracy and reliability, Euromonitor multinational cannot be held responsible for omissions or errors. Figures in tables and analyses are deliberate from unrounded data and may not sum. Analyses prime in the briefings may not totally reflect the companies opinions, ref discretion is advised. Carbonates 169. 5 billion litres.Fruit/Vegetable Juice 62. 0 billion litres Concentrates 43. 7 billion litres RTD Tea 30. 1 billion litres While reddish grunter rest the world campaigner in muscle drinks, it is facing growing contention from early(a) role players. TCCC in particular, with monstrosity in the US and dismiss in Brazil, is withal posing an increasing threat. These two marts are rising as nix drinks battlegrounds and the implications are considerable for red-faced pig beds ability to stay on the yield one ranked player. Euromonitor worldwide surface-to-do DRINKS blushing(a) tinkers dam GMBH PASSPORT 2Dietrich Mateschitz and Chaleo Yoovidhya each own a 49% stake introductory to 2012 when Mr Yoovidhya passed a focusing. Mr Yoovidhyas son Chalerm holds th e remaining 2%. While Mr Yoovidhya was a pop off he acted as a placid partner. loss bull through GmbH Headquarters Regional involvement Category involvement Fuschl am See, Austria Global Carbonates, sports and vigour drinks ? expiration bull through has created the global food trade for capacity drinks, and the pioneering flushed bell ringer chump has became synonymous with goose egg drinks for a large number of consumers. bolshie bull remains bullish and ambitious in their embodied brand. Despite uphill competition, inflammation diddly-squat continues to comfortably fly the coop the global thrust drinks foodstuff in two tawdriness and treasure terms. However, the threat from The CocaCola Co (TCCC) has been get up. World soft drinks conduct by off-trade 0. 2% RTD great deal (2012) World soft drinks off-trade RTD intensity 12. 4% developing (2011-2012) Euromonitor global downlike DRINKS RED doodly-squat GMBH PASSPORT 4 STRATEGIC paygrade fierce bas tard continues to see operose net sales development ? inflamed Bull operates many separate businesses aside from energy drinks The federation owns and manages a turn of planets confederacy, football clubs, youth academies and TV grandcasting and recently online clothing ( cherry-red Bull label only) sales. ? Additional media merchandises take on print magazines about football, motor racing, celebrity gossip and lifestyle. The conjunction has even ventured into the mobile phone renovation business in Austria, Hungary, Switzerland and South Africa.?As a privately-held federation, financial information is limited as yet the gild reported net sales of 4. 9 billion in 2012 and 5. 2 billion cans sold, representing branch of 15. 9% and 12. 8%, respectively. Euromonitor International ? rubor Bull reported exceptionally pixilated net sales suppuration in South Africa (+52%), Japan (+51%), Saudi Arabia (+38%), France (+21%), the US (+17%) and Germany (+14%). Red Bull cited efficient cost management and ongoing brand investment as underpinning its growing profitability. SOFT DRINKS RED grunter GMBH PASSPORT 5 STRATEGIC EVALUATION SWOT Red Bull GmbH STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Broad geographic presence ?Red Bull has ? Red Bull has a broad established a strong, geographic presence, consistent brand image which should ensure (an independent, edgy positive immense-term brand) globally. Red Bull growth even if certain is synonymous with merchandises reach maturity. energy drinks in many countries. Category draw OPPORTUNITIES Category limitations Contr all oersial ? In everyplaceall soft drinks, ? The relatively high Red Bull has a limited caffeine content of Red product portfolio Bull makes the brand compared to the rising highly vulnerable to number of rivals with a regulatory control. plethora of flavour variants and categories. THREATS.Emerging markets New action Competition High market costs ? Red Bull is proveing a new ? ogre represents the ? Marke t maturity in ? Emerging markets occupation facility in Brazil biggest threat to Red developed markets go out represent newer which is presumable to make its Bull as it contains make market to its geographies for Red retail expenditure more natural ingredients, core consumers harder Bulls expansion. competitive than imported which front more than in the past. Accelerating the product prices.Building a desirable than Red Bull Constant intercourse trade and site in Asia should as well be for some consumers.with consumers means sponsorships in these high marketing costs. markets is a wise move. considered. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 6 STRATEGIC EVALUATION Key strategic challenges and objectives It is not easy at the screening ? Red Bulls triumph has attracted considerable interest from soft drinks multinationals, TCCC and PepsiCo.TCCC in particular has been successful at leveraging its distri providedion engagement to piece veer across m any markets and to back colossus. Burn is a study threat to Red Bull in Brazil while in the US Monster has overtaken Red Bull in offtrade hatful sales terms.Red Bull get out need to find ways to hold onto its number one ranking globally in energy drinks and stave off this competition. Will premium roleplay in emerging markets? ? Red Bull has consistently maintained its premium jelling from its slimline metal cans to its price differential versus brands such as Monster. While this dodge has reaped dividends in the maturate markets, it remains to be seen if it will sustain growth in the emerging markets. Brazil with its large population of lower-income consumers may pose a challenge giving cheaper brands such as TCCCs Burn a competitive advantage. Red Bull stands up to health regulators ?While health officials continue to voice concerns over energy drinks and the category remains under threat from stronger regulation, energy drinks has seen relatively little impact in terms of sales. To some exclude this has added to the categorys edginess attracting young consumers and generating consumer interest. There is little risk of Red Bull reformulating its product to cater to health concerns and instead the familiarity insists that its products do not pose a health risk. Red Bull breaks with tradition in 2013 ? In 2013, Red Bull, for the first time in 15 age added new products to its energy drinks range.Red Bull underperformed the overall energy drinks market in 2011-2012. While the companys market bundle of the energy drinks market in the US increased in 2012, the markets growth rate overall began to wane. Red Bull remains heavily dependent on the US for its global growth. Weakness here is reflected in the companys weakening global military operation in wad terms. The company however continues to enjoy the position of number one ranked player in energy drinks globally with a 21. 4% market share. ? In terms of absolute volume growth however, the US remai ned Red Bulls bring up growth engine in 2011-2012 reflecting growth of 96% over 2007-2012.Brazil came second in terms of absolute volume growth expanding by 608% over the review period or 48% CAGR. This market was a particular focus for Red Bull with the company sponsoring various sporting events in order to raise the brands profile. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 9 competitory POSITIONING Red Bull faces mounting pull ? In value terms, the companys performance was stronger in recent years although even in value terms the companys performance fell below that of the energy drinks market overall.The energy drinks market has attracted a number of other players including Monster Beverage Co, and The Coca-Cola Co (TCCC) which marketed it own brands in the category including Burn as well as engaging in a distribution partnership with Monster Beverage Co. PepsiCo had a modest presence in energy drinks with its brand hurt however like TCCC it maintained it s own alliance, with Rockstar Inc. ? Red Bulls baby brand non-carbonated Red Bull remains owned by TC pharmaceutical which led the energy drinks category in mainland china and was present in Thailand where it ranked second.Top 10 players in soft drinks by off-trade value share Soft Drinks Global Top 10 Companies by Off-Trade Value, Rank 2007-2012 and 2012 Share 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2011 Company Coca-Cola Co, The PepsiCo Inc Nestle SA Suntory Holdings Ltd Dr stream Snapple Group Inc Danone, Groupe Red Bull GmbH Asahi Group Holdings Ltd % company share 2012 26. 2 11. 3 2. 8 2. 7 2. 0 1. 9 1. 6 1. 5 ? Danones volume share is significantly high than its value share, payable to its large volume sales of low-priced bottled water in emerging markets, notably aqua (Asia Pacific) and Bonafont (Latin America).Meanwhile, Mondelez does not rank among the top 10 in value terms due to its reliance on the low-priced concentrates category in RTD volume terms. ? Red Bull GmbH however with its relatively premium but sensitive serving size Red Bull brand ranks seventh in 2012. The companys narrow focus in soft drinks, being almost exclusively based on energy drinks, continues to keep the company out of the top five in soft drinks. ?TCCC and PepsiCo capture a stronger share in value than in volume terms chiefly due to their products, particularly carbonates, being priced higher than local brands and ? North America will continue to lead energy drinks in absolute volume growth terms over the forecast period. However, its CAGR of 8. 1% over 2012-2017 represents a moderation from the 11. 4% CAGR seen over 2007-2012. The Monster brand has led the market in the US over the review period in terms of absolute volume growth. Rockstar, due in large part to its alliance with PepsiCo, has in like manner seen strong growth in this market. ? Red Bull entered China in 2011, however Asia Pacific remains the companys weakest parting in terms of market share.However, this region will be exceeded only by North America in terms of absolute off-trade volume growth over 2012-2017 which may raise some concerns for Red Bull. After a period of strong market share gains in this region between 2007-2010 its performance began to moderate. TC Pharmaceutical with its non-carbonated version of Red Bull is the regional leader. Despite the close relationship between Red Bull GmbH and TC Pharmaceutical with the latter having been founded by the late Chaleo Yoovidhya, the companies remain separate entities. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 14 MARKET sound judgementThe Americas to lead growth in energy drinks ? In value terms, both Latin America and Asia Pacific gained in importance for Red Bull over the review period. Latin American sales represented 12% of global value sales in 2012 while Asia Pacific made up 8%. In terms of growth prospects, the strongest growth will take place in North America where the market for energy drinks will expand by US $4. 1 billion over 2012-2017. In CAGR terms however, the strongest performance will take place in Latin America which will see a 20% CAGR. ? Red Bull is ranked number one in both markets. In Latin America, its market share remains a healthy 49.7%, however this represents a decline over 2007-2012 as the company faced strong competition from TCCC whose share has risen from 2. 5% in 2007 to 14. 9% in 2012. ? Growth in both Eastern and Western Europe will be a comparatively modest at 5% and 5. 1% CAGRs, respectively. However, these exceed the CAGRs for soft drinks overall in these regions, which will be only 2. 7% and 0. 5%, respectively.CATEGORY AND geographic OPPORTUNITIES Leading players in energy drinks by off-trade volume and value Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 17 CATEGORY AND geographical OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull shows some weakness in volume sales ? The rankings of the leading players in energy drinks vary significantly by volume and value. Red Bull commands a stronger market share in value than in volume terms reflecting its relatively high price points and reliance on the full-blown markets, particularly the US, for its sales.The company however maintained is leading position by both measures in 2012 although in both cases it has seen its market share plateau over 2007-2012. ? The Lucozade brand has faced strong competition in its domestic UK market from Red Bull. In 2012, GSK inform a strategic review of the Lucozade and Ribena brands, which may lead to possible divestment. ? Red Bull has been constrained to some extent in volume terms by its highly concentrated action infrastructure. Up to 2012, the company produced exclusively in Austria leading to high exaltation and ?The major winner over the review period was production costs, which opened up the emerging Monster Beverage Co, which until 2012 was known markets in particular to less expensive energy drinks as Hansen Natural Corp. Underpinned by its brands. In 2012, t he company announced plans to distribution symmetry with TCCC the brand has build its first accompanimentory foreign in Brazil which may help made rapid gains in both value and volume terms. improve its competitiveness. The brands success has been driven by its North ?Rockstars distribution agreement with PepsiCo did American performance where it generated 90% of not bring in the same share gains as the Monster its volume sales in 2012. and TCCC alliance. Rockstar made few share gains ? In contrast GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and its Lucozade brand put one over been losing market share. In volume terms, GSK has lost 2. 4 percentage points in market share over 2007-2012. globally, with sales mainly coming from developed Western markets where Red Bull continues to lead. PepsiCo may flummox found it hard to drive Rockstar sales in these mature markets in the face of TCCCs penetration and Red Bulls dominance. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 18 CATEGORY AND g eographical OPPORTUNITIES Most dynamic energy drinks markets over forecast period Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 19 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull tries to counter weakness in reveal markets with new launch ? While the US will lead growth in energy drinks in both volume and value terms over 2012-2017 there are clear differences among the top 10 rankings by both measures. ? China will push ahead of Brazil in volume growth terms.The market for energy drinks in China is more mature than in Brazil. Unit price growth in Brazil will as a consequence be higher than that in China allowing it to take second position in terms of value sales growth. In China, Red Bulls sister company TC Pharmaceutical with its Red Bull is the overwhelming category leader with a market share of 81. 2% in off-trade volume terms in 2012. ? Markets entering the top 10 in volume terms include the Philippines and Vietnam both relatively price-sensitive markets. Per cap ita consumption however in both markets is higher than the global average.Energy drinks in many Asian markets return a long history of being consumed by truck drivers and labourers as a temporary energy boost. These products were in fact the original inspiration for Red Bull a Westernised version of the potent drinks sold through by Thai pharmacists. Euromonitor International ? The UK ranks among the top five most dynamic markets in both volume and value terms. While Lucozade remains the leader here, its fortunes read waned. Red Bull was responsible for much of Lucozades market share loss in the early part of the review period. However, later in the review period, littler brands are increasing fragmentation.The UK is becoming increasingly fragmented as newer and smaller players have entered the market. ? In 2013, Red Bull launched three new flavour variants in the US market. This marks the first major launch for the brand in the energy drinks category over the review period. The new range called edition includes cranberry-, blueberry- and lime- flavoured variants encase in red, blue and silver cans, respectively. The move may help to invigorate consumer interest in anchor markets such as the UK and the US where the range of energy drinks options has increased considerably.It is recommended that the range be rolled out to other markets where market share has weakened. SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 20 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Top US brands in energy drinks Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 21 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull and Monster look to high-adrenaline sports sponsorship Monster pulls ahead in volume sales ? The Monster brand pulled ahead of Red Bull in the US energy drinks market in 2009 in volume sales terms but remains second to Red Bull in value terms. Monster has achieved wider presence in supermarket and forecourt retailers.TCCC has leveraged its strong distribution network through b oth channels thus giving Monster an edge in terms of volume sales. ? The Monster brand has as well been supported by sponsorship of high-adrenaline sports such as MotoGP, NASCAR and Freestyle Motocross which is a direct challenge to Red Bull, which also relies on sponsorship of these sorts of events to maintain consumer interest. Another reason behind the disparity has been the fact that Red Bull sells mainly in smaller 8. 3oz cans, whereas Monster is sold in larger 16oz cans at a relatively cheaper price.Red Bull has since begun to offer its product in a wider variety of sizes and in 2012 trumped Monster with Red Bull Stratos, sponsoring Felix Baumgartners free-fall from over 128,000 feet. Threat from consumer health ? Both Monster and Red Bull have also been challenged by the 5-Hour Energy brand from Living Essentials, included in Euromonitor Internationals Consumer Health database as a tonic and bottled nutritive drink. This product has been heavily marketed on US television an d offers a small pack size (57ml) and the benefit of being sugar-free.While Monster is leaded primarily at younger manful consumers, 5-Hour Energy is positioning itself as a pick-me-up for office workers and working mothers. ? The addition of new flavours in 2013 will help to reignite consumer interest. Red Bulls success in the US has been due in part to its success in the on-trade which has helped to introduce the brand into the off-trade. Educating consumers about how the new flavours can be mixed with alcoholic drinks in the on-trade should form part the marketing campaign to launch the brand. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 22.CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Leading players in Brazilian energy drinks Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 23 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull vs Burn in Brazil TCCC pushes Burn ? Strong growth in the Brazilian energy drinks market has attracted a wider number of players, man y of whom have focused on the emergent C socioeconomic class, launching energy drinks at lower prices in 1-litre PET bottles. Examples include BadBoy Power Drink from Horizonte and Orbit from Bebidas Chiamulera. These moves have helped to raise growth overall in the category.?TCCC has made significant gains in the market with its Burn brand investment significant resources in marketing. Like Red Bull, TCCC has targeted high-adrenaline sporting activities, announcing in 2012 its sponsorship of Kimi Raikkonens Lotus F1 team. The brand competes straight off with Red Bull, packaged similarly in a slimline metal can. Its price points however are typically lower than those of Red Bull giving it a stronger presence among lower-income groups. ? In 2012, Red Bull announced plans to begin producing its energy drinks locally. Localisation of production will help Red Bull ?Localising production in such a key market is a wise move for Red Bull. It also gives the company stronger capacity more widely in Latin America where the markets for energy drinks in Colombia and Mexico are also set to see strong growth. While Red Bulls number one position remains safe for the time being, reducing the price premium with TCCC is recommended. This will be supported by significantly reducing costs associated with importing the product from Austria. ? The entry of Anheuser-Busch InBev NV was a key development in the market in 2011. By 2012, the Fusion brand had managed to capture 0.2% of sales in off-trade volume terms which, while modest compared to the Red Bull brand at 19. 8%, indicates strong authorisation for further growth. Marketing initiatives centred around the popular Big Brother Brazil TV programme in 2012 helped to increase awareness of the brand among young people. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 24 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Worlds apart A tale of two Red Bulls ? The relative weakness of Red Bull from Red Bull GmbH in Asia Pacific is due in part to the strength of sister brand Red Bull from TC Pharmaceutical.A more cohesive international strategy should be developed by both companies. ? The strongest prospects for the two players is in China, however opportunities are also being befuddled in markets such as the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. TC Pharmaceutical sales here in energy drinks have been virtually flat over the review period, as newer, more dynamic brands such as Cobra from Asia Brewery and Sting from PepsiCo in the Philippines have invested heavily in marketing and advertising. ? A decisive entry for Red Bull GmbH in key Asian markets will be complicated by the presence of TC Pharmaceuticals Red Bull.However, both companies could benefit from working more closely together including on the production side to reduce costs and widen their distribution network. The sudden death of TC Pharmaceutical smash Chaleo Yoovidhya in 2012 may present a challenge however in ongoing collaboration. Euromoni tor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 25 STRATEGIC EVALUATION COMPETITIVE POSITIONING MARKET ASSESSMENT CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES BRAND STRATEGY OPERATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS BRAND STRATEGY Red Bulls premium focus will result in pressure on market share ? Red Bulls sales in 2012 remained dominated by the US market.In most of its major markets the company has managed to retain its number one position in volume terms despite strong competition from newer entrants. The US is an exception where Monster owing to the strength of its alliance with TCCC combined with an aggressive marketing campaign has managed to topple Red Bull from first place. ? In value terms however, the companys premium positioning has meant its ranking has remained more secure. As the dynamics of forecast demand shift to emerging markets, where consumers remain more price sensitive, this premium focus will result in growing pressure on Red Bulls market share.TCCC and PepsiCo have emerged as t he companys strongest competition whether indirectly through distribution agreements such as TCCC/ Monster and PepsiCo/Rockstar and through their own directly owned brands such as Burn and Sting, respectively Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 27 BRAND STRATEGY High octane sports drive home Red Bull message ? Event and sports sponsorship have been key elements for Red Bulls marketing strategy for many years. Red Bulls eponymous brand has achieved remarkable global success and 30-40% of its sales are re-invested back in marketing and promotional activity.Red Bulls strategy has historically been a 3-pronged approach incorporating buzz marketing, sponsorship and TV advertising. Buzz marketing, including handing out free samples at campuses and events where under 30s gather, is often used as a way of initially raising consumer awareness when entering new markets. ? In 2012, the company took its marketing literally to an simply new level with the Stratos campa ign which featured Felix Baumgartner in a record- breaking 128,000 feet jump from the earths stratosphere, making him the first man to break the speed of sound while in freefall.The event was streamed live on line with viewers able to log in to post comments via Twitter and Facebook. Motorsports is another key focus for the company with its own very successful F1 racing team. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 28 BRAND STRATEGY Red Bull tries to stay true to its roots ? In a bid to stave off competition from rival brands, Red Bull launched the Red Bull Edition range in 2013 in select city markets in the US. The launch will likely be followed by a nationwide roll-out later in the year.Despite pressure from other energy drinks brands many of which have launched additional flavours Red Bull has stayed loyal to its original formulation and packaging. ? The launch of cranberry, blueberry and lime Red Bull variants is a major direction change for the brand, bein g its first major launch over the review period. In order to differentiate between Red Bull Edition and the original Red Bull the new cans received a facelift with the addition of new work and a new bull design. ? Red Bull has not as aggressively as other brands launched into new packaging formats, remaining almost exclusively with slimline metal cans.It has however in some mature markets such as the UK launched into 1-litre PET bottles. This reluctance is in part due to the companys strategy of retaining its premium positioning. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 29 STRATEGIC EVALUATION COMPETITIVE POSITIONING MARKET ASSESSMENT CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES BRAND STRATEGY OPERATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS OPERATIONS expand corporate operations Red Bull GmbH Red Bull Soft Drinks Other Businesses Red Bull Energy Drinks Motor Racing, Media, MVNO, Fashion Online Retailing Red Bull Simply Cola, Carpe Diem. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 31 OPERATIONS Red Bull looks to diversification ? Red Bull is diversifying into other businesses, rather than limiting itself to energy drinks. In recent years, it has been branching out and became a media company in its own right. The participation in sports sponsorships and events connects the company with a global brand that has passion and excitement associated with it. The company is also present in RTD tea and bottled water with the Carpe Diem brand which it launched to target the health and wellness trend in soft drinks.Carpe Diem Kombucha is a premium RTD tea sold in Western Europe. The brand is also in bottled water in Switzerland and Austria using plant extracts and slight carbonation to offer a healthy alternating(a) to carbonates. ? The company owns two Formula One teams (Red Bull Racing, Scuderia Toro Rosso), a NASCAR racing team as well as several football teams in Brazil, the US and Germany. ? In South Africa, the company is partnering with Cell C to offer v oice and broadband services as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), ie a company that provides a mobile phone service but does not have its own licensed frequency.Red Bull Mobile will be the second MVNO in the country, later Virgin Mobile. ? It also sponsors many events from cliff diving to air races and subscribing to Red Bull Mobile is a way for people who like the brand to access further benefits when they attend these events. These kinds of partnerships between operators and consumer brands are ballpark in Europe. In Germany, for example, one operator, E-Plus, has 19 such partnerships. It is a way for these brands to get closer to their target group.? The Group also includes Austrian TV station ServusTV, lifestyle and fashion magazines and a construction company called Bull Bau. ? Red Bull had 8,966 employees in 165 countries as of 2012. The company, which is not listed, traditionally finances its investments from its silver flow. Euromonitor International SOFT DRINK S RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 32 OPERATIONS Red Bull expands production outside Austria for first time ? Red Bull received approval from the Brazilian government to build its first production facility in the country in early 2010. The companys initial investment in the pr.